Traditional Chinese medicine acupuncture and moxibustion has remarkable analgesic effect without obvious side effects, which is recognized internationally and has become a commonly used auxiliary alternative therapy for pain relief. Neuromyelitis spectrum disease is a primary immune-mediated inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system mainly involving the optic nerve and spinal cord. It is more common in Asian people, with high recurrence rate, long course of disease and high disability rate, which seriously affects the quality of life. Pain is very common in optic neuromyelitis spectrum disease patients, up to eighty percent of optic neuromyelitis spectrum disease patients can have pain, drug treatment effect is not good. This article aims to summarize the clinical effect of acupuncture on neuropathic pain associated with optic neuromyelitis spectrum disease.