The patients with diabetes suffer from the loss of both qi and blood, yin and yang for a long time, the deficiency of the root causes and the retention of pathogenic factors, heat, blood stasis, phlegm, and turbidity are complicated, which damage the kidney, heart, eyes, four extremities, muscles, bones, and skin, and lead to several kinds of difficult complications, which is an important cause of death and disability of diabetes. Effectively preventing and treating complications, improving patient recovery, and improving quality of life have become research focuses. Traditional Chinese medicine has the characteristics and advantages of "simplicity, convenience, experience and cheapness" in the prevention and treatment of diabetes complications. This article summarized the TCM treatment theory of seven common complications of diabetes, the corresponding research and development of traditional Chinese medicine and traditional Chinese patent medicines and simple preparations and the application of external treatment methods of traditional Chinese medicine, to provide reference for the prevention and treatment of such diseases.