The causes of cough are complicated, and its clinical diagnosis and treatment are difficult. Traditional Chinese medicine has accumulated rich theoretical basis and clinical experience in thousands of years of clinical practice. By combing and summarizing Wang Xugao‘s academic thought of cough differentiation and treatment, it is found that Wang advocated the four-dimensional syndrome differentiation of cough, namely, the differentiation of outward appearance, the differentiation of deficiency and reality, the differentiation of constitution and the differentiation of time. In the treatment of cough, it advocates the triple engergizers tong treatment, pay attention to the promotion of upper Jiao, the transportation of middle Jiao and the cultivation of lower Jiao, pay attention to the application of opposite and complementary drugs, especially good at the combination of cold and warm, the harmonization of rising and falling, disperse and supple ment simultanecusl the combinaion of acrid and bitterne.