Cognitive impairment is a common complication after stroke. It not only affects the rehabilitation process of patients, but also aggravates the burden of family and social economy. It is urgent to find an effective treatment for cognitive impairment after stroke. Acupuncture and moxibustion can effectively promote blood circulation and dredge collaterals, replenish Qi and Blood, regulate Yin and Yang, and it is an effective method to treat post-stroke cognitive impairment. Recent studies have shown that acupuncture combined with various modern rehabilitation has better clinical therapeutic effects than single acupuncture or rehabilitation treatment. In this review, the Chinese/English literature in the past 10 years was retrieved, and the clinical efficacy and basic mechanism of this field were reviewed, in order to provide research ideas for later researchers to explore the best combination therapy for the treatment of post-stroke cognitive impairment and related basic research.