Traditional Chinese Medicine, Kunming Yunnan, 650200 China）Objective:To study the effect of volatile oil of Fructus Litseae(FL) on the permeation of Rotundine in vitro.Methods:A test of penetration through rat skin was conducted by using an improved Franz diffusion cell,the enhancing effect of 1%,3%,5%,7% volatile oil of FL on percutaneous permeation of Rotundine was investigated.The accumulative penetration amount of Rotundine was determined by HPLC.Results:5%,7% volatile oils of FL had enhancing effect on Rotundine permeation.The average cumulative doses of Rotundine for 8 hours (Q8, mg/cm2) of 5%,7% volatile oil of FL were 5.7839,6.3837,the enhancement ratios of 4 hours were 1.10,1.20.Conclusion:7% volatile oil of FL had the best effect of percutaneous permeation enhancing on Rotundine.