Objective: To investigate the influence of social environment, cultural factors on the prevalence of carbuncle-abscess in the Wei & Jin Dynasties and syphilis in the latter half of the Ming Dynasty in China. Methods: Traditional Chinese medicine literatures, historical data, and related research findings have been retrieved and compared with each other. In the article, we are to explore the epidemic features and the influenced social factors of carbuncle-abscess in the Wei & Jin Dynasties and of syphilis in the latter half of the Ming Dynasty with referring to official and unofficial history records. Conclusion: It is believed that infection in war wounds, environmental pollution and the popular Taoist magical pellets taking accounted for the prevalence of carbuncle-abscess in the Wei & Jin Dynasties. And that open foreign trade and sexual indulgence resulted in widely prevalence in the latter half of the Ming Dynasty. Furthermore, lust social environment was the root cause of pandemic syphilis.