Objective: To observe the microscopic features for Paris polyphylla. Smith var. yunnanensis(Franch.)Hand.-Mazz and Paris vietnamensis(Takht.)H.Li; Method:microscopic slice was used.Result:there is no difference on microstructure of the two species in leaf shape,petal shape and root characteristics.Conclusion: the microscopic characteristics can not be used to identify difference on these two close species of Paris,it is necessary to combine Macroscope features and other molecular means for species identification.