Objects of the research of are 34 kinds of rheumatism medicine included in the science of Chinese medicine， which is the new century（Second Edition）of planning of the National College of TCM Teaching. After we search、arrange、analyze and generalize the primary literature that is related to the rheumatism and the autoimmunity and is published before 2014， we put forward the hypothesis that the essence of traditional Chinese medicine for rheumatism is to inhibit the autoimmunity.