Transient receptor potential vanilloid type 1（TRPV1） is an ion channel receptor which closely related to pain transmission， and plays an important role in the incidence and maintenance of neuropathic pain（NP）. A large amount of data has indicated that electro-acupuncture（EA） has a good effect on NP treatment. Also studies have found that EA has a role in regulating the expression of TRPV1. This article mainly reviews the advance of TRPV1 involvement in the mechanisms of central sensation modulating in NP and the intervention of EA.