Objective To observe the regulation of alum ice nanoemulsion to burn epidermal stem cells（ESCs） of proliferation and differentiation. Methods Using the enzymatic method to separate the material taken epidermis and dermis. using the method of type IVcollagen to isolate and purified the epidermal stem cells.Observe the proliferation of epidermal stem cells using MTT assay； perform change detection corresponding markers by immunofluorescence method. Results The cultured cells is double marhed with β1 integrin and CK19 by immunofluorescence， the percent of double-labeled cells was 80.12%， The postive cells was ESCs. MTT assay was found Alum nanoemulsion and MEBO can promote the proliferation and differentiation of ESCs， MEBO was superior to alum ice nanoemulsion each group， but with 8.15mg/L of alum ice nanoemulsion comparison was not statistically significant（P>0.05）， Tt was significant statistical significance with the other groups（P<0.05）， 8.15mg/L of alum ice nanoemulsion’s proliferation rate was（86.498±0.333）% after 72h.Immunofluorescence found 8.15mg / L of alum ice nanoemulsion-positive cell score 4.50±0.577， was not statistically significant comparison with MEBO（P>0.05）， compared with the other groups were statistically significant（P＜0.05）. Conclusion MEBO and alum were nanoemulsion ice have regulatory role in burn epidermal stem cell’ proliferation and differentiation， 8.15mg/L as the optimal concentration of alum ice nanoemulsion with MEBO comparison was not statistically significant.