Objective To observe the effects of acupuncture combined with enriched rehabilitation training on neural function and expression of cortical nerve growth factor（NGF） and brain derived neurophic factor（BDNF） in rats after focal cerebral ischemia injury. Methods Rat models of local cerebral ischemia were established by thread-occluding the middle cerebral artery（MCAO）. Rats were randomly divided into sham operated， model， acupuncture， enriched rehabilitation training and acupuncture combined enriched rehabilitation training groups. Marks of neural function defect、sensory and motor ability were noted down separately. The immunohistochemistry staining was applied to observe the expression of NGF and BDNF cells in rats. The expression of NGF and BDNF were analyzed after cerebral ischemia among the above groups. Results Behavior medicine scopes of rats in every group had no obvious difference before therapy（P>0.05）. The improvement of acupuncture combined enriched rehabilitation training group was significant（P<0.01），while the difference in comparison with acupuncture group and enriched rehabilitation training group were remarkable（P<0.05）. Compared with the sham operation group， cortical NGF and BDNF expressions increased significantly in the model group（P<0.01）. Compared with the model group， cortical NGF and BDNF expressions increased significantly in the treatment groups（P<0.01）. Compared with the acupuncture group and enriched rehabilitation training group， the effect of acupuncture combined enriched rehabilitation training group was marked in the treatment group（P<0.05）. Conclusion The therapy of acupuncture combined enriched rehabilitation training can promote recovery of behavior in rats after focal cerebral ischemia and it was better the therapy of simple enriched rehabilitation training and acupuncture. the mechanism may be related to increasing the expression of NGF and BDNF in cortex.