Objective To observe the clinical effect of Jiawei Suanzaoren decoction in the treatment of the syndrome of fire excess from yin deficiency of Insomnia disorder with anxiety， and the effect of IL-1 family. Methods 80 patients with the syndrome of fire excess from yin deficiency of Insomnia disorder with anxiety were randomly divided into two groups：traditional Chinese medicine group treated with Jiawei Suanzaoren decoction， western medicine group treated with Lorazepam tablets（Rolla）. The course of treatment was 4 weeks， and evaluation the scores of two groups with HAMA and PSQI before and after treatment and the clinical effects after treatment. IL-1β， IL-1α， IL-1Ra was measured with enzyme linked immunosorbent assay（ELISA）. Results The scores of two groups with HAMA and PSQI after treatment were lower than before treatment（P<0.01）， but the contrast of scores of two groups with HAMA during the same period and clinical effects after treatment， there were not significant difference（P>0.05）. IL-1β， IL-1α content of traditional Chinese medicine group after treatment were higher than before treatment（P<0.01）， IL-1 Ra content after treatment were lower than before treatment（P<0.01）. Compared after treatment and before treatment with IL-1β， IL-1α， IL-1 Ra content of Western medicine group was not significant difference（P>0.05）. IL-1β， IL-1α， IL-1 Ra content of two groups during the same period before treatment， there were not significant difference（P>0.05）. IL-1β， IL-1α， IL-1 Ra content of two groups during the same period after treatment， there were significant difference（P<0.01）. IL-1β， IL-1α content of traditional Chinese medicine group were higher than Western medicine group after treatment（P<0.01）， IL-1 Ra content was lower than Western medicine group after treatment（P<0.01）. Conclusion Jiawei Suanzaoren decoction was effective for the treatment of Insomnia disorder with anxiety. Efficacy of two groups was similar. Jiawei Suanzaoren decoction can regulate sleep. The mechanisms is associated with Jiawei Suanzaoren decoction can increase cytokine levels that can promote the role of sleep and can decrease cytokine levels that can Block the role of sleep.