Objective To discuss the effect of Jingui Wenjing decoction to serum inflammatory factors in asthenia-cold syndrome of primary dysmenorrhea， and complete the interventional mechanis of Jingui Wenjing decoction to curing the disease. Methods Collected 45 cases with asthenia-cold syndrome of primary dysmenorrhea， curing with Jingui Wenjing decoction. Collected 45 cases of normal women as control group. Compared the changes of serum inflammatory factors（Hs-CRP， IL-6， TNF-α， MCP-1 and HMGB1） between before and after treatment. Results Dysmenorrhea patients before treatment， the serum Hs-CRP， IL-6， TNF-α， MCP-1 and HMGB1 were significantly increased， compared with normal group， the difference statistically significant（P<0.05 or P<0.01）. After treatment， all indices were decreased， compared with before treatment， statistically significant difference（P<0.05 or P<0.01）； IL-6、MCP-1 and HMGB1 after treatment compared with normal group， were statistically significant difference（P<0.05）； Hs-CRP and TNF-αafter treatment compared with normal group， there was no statistically significant difference（P>0.05）. Conclusion Asthenia-cold syndrome of primary dysmenorrhea have micro-inflammatory state； Jingui Wenjing decoction can effectively treat the asthenia-cold syndrome of primary dysmenorrheal by alleviating micro-inflammatory state.