Objective To investigate the effect of Chushi Tongbi Decotion of removing dampness and resolving dampness on the cascade reaction of acute gouty arthritis. Methods 60 SD rats were randomly divided into 6 groups： blank group， model group， colchicine group， Chushi Tongbi high-dose group， middle-dose group and low-dose group， 10 rats were included in each group. Before rats were given by gavage one day and the sixth day， acute gouty arthritis model of was replicated by intra-articular injecting monosodium urate crystal suspension inside the ankle joint and only blank group mice were injected by NS. Rats were gavaged once a day for 22 days and joint swelling， inflammation index and dysfunction index were observed. IL-l β and TNF-α expression levels in soft tissues of joint were detected by ELISA， caspase-1， ASC， NLRP3 expression levels in soft tissues of joint were detected by qPCR， and the relationship between each other was analyzed. Results Dysfunction index of all the rats in the treating groups on the acute gouty arthritis was relieved. TNF-α of expression of colchicine group was significantly lower than that of model group（P<0.05）； IL-1β、caspase-1、ASC、NLRP3 of expression of colchicine and Chushi Tongbi high-dose group was significantly lower than that of model group（P<0.05）； there were significant correlations between IL-1β and caspase-1， ASC， NLRP3； there were significant correlations between TNF-α and ASC（P<0.05）. Conclusion Colchicine group and Chushi Tongbi high-dose group can decrease inflammatory of IL-1β by decreasing expression levels of NLRP3， and then play its anti-inflammatory immune function.