Objective To explore the Social psychological factors and TCM syndrome element characteristics of Male heroin addicts in Gansu province. Methods To carry out the collection of Epidemiological characteristics and TCM-PRO scale of Drug addicts in three compulsory rehabilitation centers which has 298 heroin addicts volunteers for the survey in 3 subordinate cities（Pingliang， Jiuquan， Jiayuguan） of Gansu province. Extracting the TCM syndrome elements with the syndrome factor differentiation method. Results Multiple syndrome elements have high proportion of establishment. The top three syndrome elements of disease location is liver， kidney， spleen； excess syndrome elements is Qi stagnation， dampness， phlegm； deficiency syndrome elements is Qi deficiency， Yang deficiency， blood deficiency. The drug addicts cause moderate impact on social relations of majority addicts. There is relationship between social relations and multiple Syndrome Elements（P＜0.01）. Conclusion The drug addiction is the result of multiple Zang Fu dysfunctions. Liver depression is an important cause of the formation of drug addiction， Deficiency of the Spleen and Kidney is the main pathological basis， Phlegm isthe root cause of drug addiction lingering. Apart from the physiological factors， drug-withdrawal is closely related to social and psychological factors.