Objective To evaluate the effect of electroacupuncture on microvascular disease in patients with small vascular disease in improving somatic symptoms and cognitive function. Methods 67 cases of patients who were diagnosed with the disease were randomly divided into two groups. There were 31 cases in the treatment group， on the basis of conventional treatment， acupuncture points in the ear， add pulse current to stimulate， the frequency was 1 Hz；There were 32 cases in the control group， on the basis of conventional treatment， gives the capsule of fluoxetine hydrochloride， 20mg， Qd；Both groups were given a course of eight weeks， all treatment for one course of treatment. Curative effect evaluation of HAMD， SDS， and the rating of the TCM syndrome scale were before the treatment begins and performed after 2， 4， 8 weeks. Results The overall effectiveness of the two groups was comparable and improved after treatment. It’s not statistically significant（P>0.05）. But the treatment group worked faster， the scale scores declined during treatment for two weeks， the long-term effects （8 weeks later）were better， P＜0.05， statistically significant. Conclusion Ear cupping therapy than use antidepressants work faster， can significantly improve the brain more small vascular disease patients with depression with somatic symptoms and cognitive function， the long-term curative effect is better. So the method is a new type of treatment that is easy to operate， faster， safer and more beneficial to patients， it is worth spreading the application.