Objective By comparing the identification of four species of Paris， to find their own unique features， so as to make the foundation for the four species of Paris for quicker identification. Methods Using the identification of the plant morphology， medicinal herbs character identification， microscopic identification and physical and chemical identification method to compare the four species of Paris. Rusults Four species of Paris which are medicinal plants have their unique characteristics， Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis petals narrowly spatulate， Paris polyphylla var. chinensis petals reflexed， Paris forrestii fruit indehiscent， Paris mairei plant pileous. Conclution The test results can provide a theoretical basis for the identification of these herbs， long column of Paris quality standard formulation and its further research and development.