Objective To explore the distribution of constitutional types in patients with metabolic syndrome under the guidance of the theory of constitution in Chinese medicine， so as to provide an objective basis for the prevention and treatment of metabolic syndrome. Methods Using the case-control research method， 60 patients under the diagnostic standard of metabolic syndrome were studied with 60 healthy check-up people as normal controls. With the single-factor logistic regression analysis and multivariate logistic regression analysis， this study explores the correlation between independent variables（such as gender， age， family history， occupation， education level， smoking， drinking， greasy and thick diet， exercise， mental stress and physical type） and metabolic syndrome， and clarifies the influence of physical type in causal factors of metabolic syndrome. Results single factor logistic regression analysis shows that independent variables phlegm-wetness type（OR=23.727， 95%CI=8.223-68.461）， yin-deficiency type（OR=5.515， 95%CI=2.185-13.925）， qi-depression type（OR=3.574， 95%CI=1.374-9.299） were selected as model. Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that phlegm dampness， alcohol consumption and metabolic syndrome were highly correlated， and the corresponding odds ratios were 20.016 and 19.834， respectively.Positive exercise has a significant negative correlation with the incidence of metabolic syndrome， with the ratio of -38.115. Conclusion Phlegm-wetness type， yin-deficiency type and qi-depression type are the main constitution related factors of metabolic syndrome.Smoking， drinking， greasy and thick diet and mental stress are positively correlated to metabolic syndrome， and are risk factors in the pathogenesis of the disease， while exercise and metabolic syndrome had a negative correlation.