Objective To analyze the distribution characteristics of familial diabetes mellitus on TCM syndrome type. Methods The patients with family history were selected from the 512 patients with type 2 diabetes included in the study， and their distribution according to TCM syndromes was analyzed compared with non-familial diabetes patients. Results There were significant differences between family history and non-family history group at distribution of main syndromes of diabetes in Chinese Medicine（P<0.05）. The deficiency of kidney Yin was the most prominent， accounting for 50.5% of the familial diabetes patients. The familial diabetes patients that combined with blood stasis syndrome was 98.1%， and there was a significant difference between the family history group and the non-family history group（P<0.05）. Conclusion Compared with non-familial diabetes mellitus， kidney Yin deficiency syndrome and blood stasis syndrome were more common in familial diabetes mellitus， so it should be paid attention to invigorating the kidney and nourishing Yin and activating blood circulation to remove stasis.