三七止血和活血活性部位的筛选
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(1. 云南省药物研究所,云南 昆明 650111;2. 云南白药集团创新研发中心,云南 昆明 650111;3. 云南省中药和民族药新药创制企业重点实验室,云南 昆明 650111)

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中图分类号:

R284.1;R285.5

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收稿日期: 2018 - 11- 13
基金项目: 国家中药标准化项目(ZYBZH-Y-YN-44)
第一作者简介: 黄加文(1990-),男,助理工程师,研究方向:中药药理。
△通信作者: 王自梁,E-mail:zlwang3075@163.com


Screening of Active Fractions of Hemostatic Effect and Activating Blood Circulation Effectof Panax notoginseng(Burk.)F. H. Chen.
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(1. Yunnan Institute of Materia Medica, Kunming 650111, China;2. Yunnan Baiyao Group Innovation and R&D Center, Kunming, 650111, China;3. Yunnan Province Company Key Laboratory for TCM and Ethnic Drug of New Drug Creation, Kunming, 650111, China)

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    摘要:

    目的对三七不同洗脱部位成分进行分析,并筛选止血与活血活性部位。方法采用70%乙醇回流提取,大孔树脂柱划段制备样品;紫外分光光度法测定总皂苷含量,HPLC法测定三七素和5种主要皂苷的含量;小鼠断尾止血和玻片凝血实验观察样品的止血作用;肾上腺素—胶原蛋白诱导小鼠体内血栓形成实验观察样品的抗血栓作用;高分子右旋糖酐致大鼠急性血瘀实验观察样品的活血散瘀作用。结果制备得到总提物、水洗脱部位、30%乙醇洗脱部位、70%乙醇洗脱部位的三七总皂苷的含量分别为:32.51%、0%、52.39%、83.61%;三七素集中在水洗脱部位(2.78%);总提物、三个洗脱部位均能明显缩短出血时间与凝血时间,但水洗脱部位缩短凝血时间的作用最显著;总提物和30%乙醇洗脱部位能明显提高小鼠偏瘫恢复率;总提物、30%和70%乙醇洗脱部位能明显降低大鼠血液在不同切变率下的黏度。结论在本实验设计与条件下,三七素仅存在于水洗脱部位中,三七皂苷在30%和70%乙醇洗脱部位中均有分布,但种类与含量存在较大差异;水洗脱部位为三七止血主要活性部位;30%乙醇洗脱部位为三七抗血栓主要活性部位;30%和70%乙醇洗脱部位为三七活血散瘀主要活性部位。

    Abstract:

    Objective To analyse on the components of eluted fractions of Panax notoginseng(Burk.) F. H. Chen. Screening the active fractions by observing the hemostatic effect, antithrombotic effect, activating blood circulation and resolving stasis effect. Methods The medicinal materials were extracted by 70% ethanol, and fractions prepared by macroporous resin. The content of total saponins was determined by UV spectrophotometry, the content of dencichine and five major saponins were determined by HPLC. Bleeding time was measured by tail-cutting method, coagulation time was measured by the slide method. Collagen-adrenalin was used to induce thrombus in mice. Rats with acute blood stasis model were established by intravenous injection of high molecular dextran. Results The samples were prepared, included: the extract, water eluted fraction, 30% and 70% ethanol eluted fraction. The content of notoginseng total saponins were 32.51%, 0%, 52.39%, 83.61%. The dencichine exists in water eluted fraction only(2.78%). The extract and fractions could shorten the bleeding and coagulation time significantly. However, the water eluted could shorten coagulation time more significantly. The extract and 30% ethanol elution fraction could improve the recovery rates of hemiplegic mice significantly. Extract, 30% and 70% water eluted fractions could decrease the blood viscosities at all shear rates, significantly. Conclusion The dencichine only exists in water eluted fraction, saponins exist in 30% and 70% ethanol eluted fractions, but their contents and types were different. Water eluted fraction is main active fraction on hemostasis. The 30% ethanol eluted fraction show the obvious antithrombotic effect, and it’s main active fraction. The 30% and 70% ethanol eluted fractions show the obvious activating blood circulation and resolving stasis effect, and they are the main active fraction.

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