Objective To analyze the syndrome diagnosis and the distribution of syndrome factors in cholelithiasis patients， finding literature rules and to provide ideas for TCM syndrome differentiation and treatment． Methods Domestic clinical literatures officially published by cnki from January 1， 1990 to August 1， 2018 were searched， and factors such as year of publication， literature type， key words， syndrome type and syndrome element were analyzed. Results There were 47 literatures that met the requirements of the included literatures， and the number of literatures published was based on the fluctuation of 2 literatures per year. The literatures mainly focused on the observation of clinical efficacy， with a total of 38 different syndromes. The syndromes with the highest frequency were hepatobiliary qi stagnation（1456 cases）， asymptomatic syndromes were the special syndromes in cholelithiasis， and the syndromes with the highest frequency were gallbladder（4693 times）. The most frequent symptom was（fire） fever（4040 times）. Conclusion By sorting out the literatures， it was found that there were few literatures for high-quality blind study design， and the analysis of the literature syndrome type and distribution law of syndrome elements roughly summarized the key pathogenesis of patients with gallstones and provided theoretical basis for clinicians.