Objective Through literature research to explore the distribution characteristics of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of gouty arthritis and the rules of prescription medication. Methods Retrieved Chinese Journals Database and Wanfang Database's journal literature on clinical syndrome differentiation and treatment of gouty arthritis by TCM or integrated Chinese and Western medicine, extract information related to TCM syndrome typing and prescription use, establish a database, and use SPSS 21.0 statistical software for verification Phenomenon, syndromes and prescriptions were analyzed with frequency and frequency. Results A total of 1518 articles were detected, and a total of 81 articles were included in the study. A total of 24 syndromes were obtained. The most common six syndromes were dampness and heat accumulation syndrome, dampness and heat stasis syndrome, liver and kidney yin deficiency syndrome, and rheumatic fever. There are 14 kinds of syndromes, including the kidney, liver and spleen, and the main digits of the top 3 are kidney, liver and spleen, while wet, hot, bloody and phlegm are the main. The disease syndrome; a total of 84 prescriptions were extracted, the top 3 first used are Gouty Decoction, Si Miao San and Si Miao Decoction; the cumulative use of 182 Chinese herbs, with heat-clearing drugs, promoting blood circulation and removing stasis, drenching water Medicines, tonics and rheumatoid drugs are most commonly used. Conclusion The common syndromes and prescriptions of gouty arthritis were preliminarily summarized, which laid a foundation for the formation of consensus on syndrome differentiation and treatment of gouty arthritis.