Objective To explore the mechanism of Duzhong and Xuduan on the treatment of lumbar disc herniation by network pharmacology. Methods TCMSP network database was used to screen and mine the main effective components and targets of Duzhong and Xuduan, and Cytoscape3.7.2 software was used to construct the network diagram of traditional Chinese medicine components and targets. The GeneCards and OMIM online analysis platform were used to excavate the relevant action targets of lumbar disc herniation. Based on STRING database, the protein interaction network map (PPI) of eucommia bark-dipsacus asperoides was constructed, then topological analysis was carried out to screen out the core targets of eucommia bark-dipsacus asperoides. David database was used to analyze biological pathways and enrichment of drug-disease intersection targets. Results Duzhong and Xuduan component-target network diagram contains 36 active components, corresponding to 1 785 targets. There are 366 targets related to lumbar disc herniation, among them β-sitosterol, quercetin and kaempferol may be the key components of Duzhong and Xuduan in the treatment of lumbar disc herniation. The core targets more than 20 including PTGS2, MMP3, TNF, IL6 and IL1B. The enrichment analysis of KEGG pathway indicated that these targets participate in 23 pathways such as TNF and HIF-1 signal pathway. Conclusion Effective components such as β-sitosterol, quercetin and kaempferol in Duzhong and Xuduan are likely to act on HIF-1 and TNF signal pathway through IL-6, IL-1B, TNF, MMP3, PTGS2 thus playing important role in treating lumbar disc herniation, which provides a theoretical basis for further molecular biological and clinical study.