Objective To investigate the effect of Yishen Jianpi Xiezhuo Decoction on renal function indexes and renal pathological changes in rats with gouty nephropathy. Methods 60 SD male rats were randomly divided into 6 groups: blank group, model group, positive control group(Febuxostat Tablets group), and Yishen Jianpi Xiezhuo Decoction of high, medium and low dose groups. The gouty nephropathy model rats were made by high yeast powder combined with adenine. When the gouty nephropathy model was established successfully, the rats were administrated by gavage according to the Febuxostat Tablets group (3.6 mg/kg/d), the high, medium and low dose groups (traditional Chinese medical extract 5.86 g/kg/d + Panax Notoginseng powder 0.54 g/kg/d, traditional Chinese medical extract 2.93 g/kg/d + Panax Notoginseng powder 0.27 g/kg/d, traditional Chinese medical extract 1.47 g/kg/d + Panax Notoginseng powder 0.14 g/kg/d) , respectively. After 21 d of continuous intervention, the serum uric acid (SUA), serum creatine(SCr) and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were tested. The renal index were calculated and the pathological changes were observed. Results Compared with the blank group, the SUA, SCr and BUN increased significantly(P<0.05). Compared with the model group, the levels of SUA and BUN decreased in the high, middle and low dose groups of Yishen Jianpi Xiezhuo Decoction(P<0.05). The levels of SCr decreased in the high and middle dose groups of Yishen Jianpi Xiezhuo Decoction significantly(P<0.05). There was a downward trend in the level of SCr in the low dose group without statistically significant.The pathological changes of kidney in each group were improved in different degrees. Conclusion Yishen Jianpi Xiezhuo Decoction could reduce the levels of SUA, BUN and SCr, improve the renal pathological damage and protect the renal function of rats with gouty nephropathy.