Objective To observe the effect of Tiaodu acupuncture on improving the learning and memory ability of Alzheimer’s disease(AD) rats. Methods 48 male SD rats were selected and divided into 4 groups by random number table, including blank group, sham operation group, model group and acupuncture group, each group with 12 rats. AD models were prepared by injecting Aβ1-42 5 μL in both hippocampus. Starting from the 8 d after successfully modeling, the acupuncture group was given acupuncture therapy on the Baihui and Fengfu, and connected the pulse acupuncture treatment instrument [Shubo(frequency: 2 Hz)] for 30 min, once a day, treated for 28 d. Morris water maze was used to test the learning and memory ability of rats and the weight were monitored. The pathomorphology of hippocampus were observed under light microscope and the expressions of IL-6, TNF-α and GFAP were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with the model group, the weight of rats in acupuncture group increased rapidly(P<0.05), the latency and swimming distance of the acupuncture group were significantly shortened(P<0.05), the arrangement of nerve cells were regularly, and the number of neurons atrophy were less, also the expressions of IL-6, TNF-α, GFAP were significantly reduced(P<0.05). Conclusion Tiaodu acupuncture could improve the learning and memory ability of AD model rats, and reduce the inflammatory response, however the related molecular mechanism need further study.