Objective To explore the clinical effect of compound Huoxue Tongluo Decoction combined with N- acetylcysteine capsule on pulmonary fibrosis patients. Methods 78 patients with pulmonary fibrosis admitted to our hospital from January 2018 to September 2019 were selected as research objects. According to different treatment methods, all patients were divided into integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine group and reference group, 39 cases in each group. Patients in the reference group were treated with -acetylcysteine capsules, while patients in the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine group were treated with compound Huoxue Tongluo decoction combined with N-acetylcysteine capsules. After 3 months of treatment, the curative effect, dyspnea, quality of life, pulmonary function, levels of inflammatory factors related to bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and adverse reactions were observed and compared between the two groups. Results The total effective rate of the patients in the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine group was 97.44%, significantly higher than that in the control group(82.05%), and the difference was statistically significant (P< 0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in Brog and CAT scores(P>0.05). After treatment, the Brog scores of the two groups of patients were significantly increased and CAT scores were significantly decreased. Compared with before treatment, there was significant difference (P<0.05). After treatment, the Brog scores of the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine group were significantly higher than those of the control group, and the CAT scores were significantly lower than those of the control group, with significant difference(P<0.05). Before treatment, there was no significant difference in the levels of pulmonary function indexes such as PO2, FVC, FEV1, MVV, DLCO between the two groups (P>0.05). After treatment, the levels of pulmonary function indexes such as PO2, FVC, FEV1, MVV, DLCO in the two groups were higher than before treatment, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). In addition, the patients in the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine group were higher than those in the control group, and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05). Before treatment, the levels of TNF-α, IL-8, IL-4, IL-10, IFN-y and other inflammatory factors related to bronchoalveolar lavage fluid in the two groups had no statistical significance(P>0.05). after treatment, the levels of TNF-α, IL-8, IL-4, IL-10 in the two groups were lower than before treatment, and the levels of IFN-y were higher than before treatment, with statistical significance(P<0.05). Moreover, the levels of TNF-α, IL-8, IL-4 and IL-10 in the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine group were lower than those in the control group, and the levels of IFN-y were higher than those in the control group, with statistical significance(P<0.05). The adverse reaction rate of patients in the integrated traditional Chinese and western medicine group was 5.13%, significantly lower than that in the control group (5.13%), with statistically significant difference. Conclusion Huoxue Tongluo Decoction combined with N- acetylcysteine capsule has definite effect on pulmonary fibrosis patients, can effectively improve the clinical symptoms and quality of life of patients, and has high safety, which is worthy of clinical promotion and application.