Yang deficiency is characterized by deficiency of Yang Qi and deficiency of cold. It is closely related to spleen and kidney. In recent years, as the “second genome” of human body, the research results of intestinal flora have also been recognized and applied by many scholars. However, there are many similarities between Yang deficiency and flora imbalance in terms of pathogenic factors and susceptibility to disease. In combination with the characteristics of syndrome differentiation and treatment in traditional Chinese medicine, we can correct the Yang deficiency constitutional state of the patients with Yang deficiency in related diseases, improve their intestinal microecological disorder, and then improve the treatment effect through the intervention of strengthening and warming yang. Through a retrospective study of the literature,we found that the method of strengthening yang and warming Yang mainly improves the number and types of intestinal flora in Yang deficiency syndrome through external treatment of traditional Chinese medicine, acupuncture and massage and traditional Chinese medicine decoction, so as to regulate the distribution of intestinal flora and achieve the purpose of treating diseases. In the research, there is a small sample size and a lack of multi center large sample research, which mainly focuses on the syndrome differentiation of Yang deficiency syndrome, and there are few reports on the research of Yang deficiency constitution. Therefore, it is necessary to carry out more experiments on intestinal flora and yang deficiency syndrome and clinical multi center large sample research in the future, so as to provide a new basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.