Objective To analyze the menstruation disease's risk factors of luteal phase defect (LPD) in puberty and providing theoretical reference for prevention and treatment. Methods Picking out 100 pubescent women with LPD age between 14 and 20 from October 2013 to October 2017 in Nantong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine's Gynaecological Clinic as the research contrast and so do 100 the same age adolescent health examination patients in the hospital on the same term, regarding these five dimensions including emotional factors, living factors, social environmental factors, drug factors, personal（physical quality） or familial factors,amount to 23 elements were included as the observation indicators, using the method of investigating clinical epidemiological questionnaire,employing single factor and multi-factor logistic regression to analyze the risk factors of LPD menstruation disease. Results Single factor analysis showed that the 9 factors were related to the occurrence of LPD menstrual disease in puberty, such as history of irregular menstruation within two years of menarche, mood fluctuation, stress, frequent anxiety or tension, the spicy intake or eating raw and cold food, sleep debt,being tired of work or study, and strenuous exercise（P<0.05）; multi-factor logistic regression analysis showed that the 5 elements, including irregular menstrual history within two years of menarche, frequent anxiety or tension, spicy intake,sleep debt, work or study fatigue who is the risk factors of LPD menstrual disease in puberty（OR>1.00， P<0.05）. Conclusion Preventive measures should be taken for the high-risk groups and making active health intervention improve human's personal lifestyle habits as soon as possible.