This article introduces the concept of "contrary diseases" in the field of andrology for the first time, highlighting that impotence is contrary to excessive erection, premature ejaculation contrasts with seminal retention, and low libido opposes excessive libido, forming three typical pairs of "contrary diseases" in andrology. These pairs of diseases exhibit both similarities and differences in terms of epidemiology, clinical presentation, and treatment strategies. Understanding the commonalities and disparities in the treatment of "contrary diseases" in andrology not only broadens the diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives for male-specific diseases but also enhances clinical efficacy in the field of andrology.