Objective To observe the pathological changes and serum levels of testosterone, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β of Qinlou Mixture on rabbit ear acne model, and to explore the mechanism of Qinlou Mixture in the treatment of acne. Methods Forty-two rabbits were randomly divided into Qinlou mixture high-dose, medium-dose and low-dose groups, normal group, model control group and drug control group, with 7 rabbits in each group. After being coated with coal tar and inoculated with propionobacter acne for modeling, intervention was carried out. After 14 days of intragastric administration, serum levels of testosterone, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β were determined by ELISA. The pathological changes of the model were observed under HE microscope. Results Compared with model group, the levels of serum testosterone, TNF-α, IL-6 and IL-1β in experimental group were decreased after administration, and the levels of qinlou Mixture high dose group and Qinlou Mixture medium dose group were significantly decreased (P<0.01). There was no significant difference in the decrease of qinlou Mixture low dose group(P> 0.05), indicating that the drug effect of Qinlou Mixture was positively correlated with the concentration. HE section observation showed that Qinlou Mixture can reduce the rabbit ear follicular plug, reduce the infiltration of inflammatory cells. Conclusion The mechanism of Qinlou Mixture in the treatment of acne may be closely related to the inflammatory mediators and testosterone.