Objective Jujing Zhuyu decoction is a self-made compound for the clinical treatment of male infertility. Its curative effect is definite, and its mechanism of action has not been clarified. Methods Using the TCMSP database to collect compounds and targets of Jujing Zhuyu decoction, using the gencards database to collect targets of infertility related diseases, using the STRING 11.0 database to analyze protein interactions(PPI) between Jujing Zhuyu decoction and the common target of infertility, using Cytoscape 3.8.0 software to screen core genes, biological processes(BP) and molecular functions (MF) of GO cell component (CC) enrichment analysis was performed using the string database and R 4.0.3 software to draw bubble and bar charts. Import components, diseases, pathways, targets, etc. into the system to draw a pathway network diagram. Results After searching and screening, 248 compounds of Jujing Zhuyu decoction were obtained, including 2 238 potential targets, 1 369 genes related to male infertility, and 185 common targets of Jujing Zhuyu decoction and male infertility. The results of network pharmacological analysis showed that quercetin, luteolin, kaempferol γ- Aminobutyric acid is the main active component of Jujing Zhuyu decoction. ESR1, IL2, Fos and nfe2l2 are the main targets of Jujing Zhuyu decoction in the treatment of male infertility. The common targets are enriched in multiple signal pathways such as PI3K-Akt, and regulate biological processes such as cell, apoptosis and gene transcription. Conclusion The mechanism and target of action of Jujing Zhuyu decoction in treating infertility have been preliminarily determined, providing reference for subsequent research.